>>503779
More stuff on Black Africans and Vasopressin.
Vasopressin/Vasotocin's nonapeptides stay fairly evolutionarily constant in function throughout different classes of animals, from reptiles, fish and amphibians to mammals.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2017.00186/full
"Despite vast differences in overall nervous system structure and in species-specific behavioral repertoires and physiology, vasopressin, and its peptide homologs demonstrate a remarkable conservation in their function. In all cases, peripheral physiological effects target osmoregulation and smooth muscle contraction, particularly in reproductive organs. In the nervous system, they have profound impacts on social behavior. Most importantly for behavioral neuroendocrinology, the AVT/AVP nonapeptide and its invertebrate homologs invariably modulate social communication, reproduction, and aggression."
- Vasopressin is the "Anti-Oxytocin" and interacts with it in complex ways, certain dual expressions of oxytocin and vasopressin lead to "defensive aggression" and outgroup hostility.
- Vasopressin encourages neurological as well as physical aggression in the brain, often in males
- Vasopressin receptors have higher densities in male brains than in female ones.
- Vasopressin does not itself trigger aggression, but rather leads up to an aggression response based on other neurological information
>In prairie voles there is evidence that Avp may be important to increases in aggression seen following pair-bond formation. Specifically, compared to controls, pair-bonded males that show high levels of aggression towards unfamiliar conspecifics have increased c-fos activation within the AH; specifically, within cells that contain Avp and tyrosine hydroxylase. The authors suggest that Avp within the AH may be important for processing chemosensory cues or responding to them (Gobrogge et al., 2007).
>In prairie voles and California mice, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of Avpr1a antagonists inhibit aggression and in prairie voles injections of Avp increase aggression (Winslow et al., 1993; Bester-Meredith et al., 2005). However, the authors suggest that Avp antagonists do not block the expression of aggression per se, as breeder males with established aggression are unaffected; but, rather, affect the transition to aggression, i.e. initiation of aggression.
OVER 30 YEARS OF STUDY LINKS VASOPRESSIN TO RANDOM AGGRESSION IN HUMANS
>There is a positive correlation of CSF Avp concentration with a life history of non-directed general aggression (including temper tantrums and property assault) as well as aggression towards individuals (Coccaro et al., 1998)
>Intranasal Avp administration, at least in men, is reported to increase the emotional response to neutral stimuli resulting in an increased perception of threat (Thompson et al., 2004; Thompson et al., 2006). Although Born et al. (2002) have shown that intranasal application of Avp increases concentration of Avp in the CSF within 30 minutes of application, and remains elevated for at least 80 minutes
>Individuals with conduct disorder have reduced levels of Avp-reactive antibodies (Fetissov et al., 2006). These authors hypothesize that the autoantibodies could either regulate peptides crossing the blood-brain barrier or centrally interfere with peptides, allowing for elevated Avp and a resulting increase in aggression
So to recap, Blacks have extremely aberrant gene (allele) variants that encode the structure of Vasopressin receptors compared to all other human ethnic groups (except Gujarati Indians), specifically the AVPR1a receptor which directly influences aggression, physical violence and territoriality in both humans, mammals and other animals. They don't just have one, but many, and their allele frequencies are freakishly different to Eurasian frequencies, far greater than even genetic traits like the famous low empathy Asian OXTR allele or Fast-twitch muscle fibre alleles. Yes, some of these AVPR1a alleles are more common in Blacks than Whites, than the stereotypically "black" fast twitch muscle fibre alleles are more common in Blacks than Whites. This is probably the most brutal racial difference in psychology, by allele frequency, that I've ever seen. It suggests Black people are genetically hardwired to be more violent, criminal and cruel than practically every other Eurasian population.